RoofConstruction-Terminology

Physical Properties & Safety Tests of Asphalt as a Roofing Material Asphalt Binders Asphalt or bitumen is a thick, black or brown, viscous liquid and a by-product of crude oil. Asphalt functions as an inexpensive, waterproof, thermoplastic, viscoelastic adhesive in road construction and some other applications. Background The first recorded use of asphalt by humans was by the Sumerians around 3,000 B.C. Statues from that time period used asphalt as a binding substance for inlaying various shells, precious stones, or pearls. Other common ancient asphalt uses were preservation (for mummies), waterproofing, and cementing (used to join together bricks in Babylonia). In more modern times, asphalt paving use first began with footpaths in the 1830s and then progressed to actual asphalt roadways in the 1850s. The first asphalt roadways in the U.S. appeared in the early 1870s. Refining In the simplest terms, asphalt binder is simply the residue leftover from petroleum refining...

Asphalt Shingles As Roofing Material And It's Types The manufacture of asphalt roofing materials has been undergone from the 1890s. Today asphalt shingles cover 70 to 80 percent of the roofs in the United States. It has now spread to different parts of the world. The asphalt roof shingles are very attractive, versatile, and provide high fire and wind resistance. The shingles cost is economical which makes it relatively inexpensive in terms of aesthetics and the durability it provides to the building. The asphalt shingles can be very easily installed and require little maintenance. The normal life expectancy of the asphalt roof shingles is in the range of 15 to 20 years. The fiberglass shingles provide a life expectancy of 20 to 30 years. Asphalt Roof Shingles Types of Shingles for Roof Organic Shingles The organic-based asphalt shingles consist of a base mat composed of cellulose fibers made from recycled paper or the wood chips and cotton or the wool rugs. But pr...

Attic Construction Using Modern Engineered Timber Components The wide growth within the use of attic construction to form the utmost use of the building envelope, as well as the dearth of consummate building labor, has resulted within the fast development of designed timber elements to be used not solely in floors, however additionally within the construction of the roof part itself.  This chapter addresses the developments, several of that, like bound rafters, area unit trade-named merchandise developed by specialist timber engineering firms. For that reason a number of the illustrations during this chapter, like those in Chapter half dozen that deal with bound rafter systems, area unit drawn from the assorted manufacturers’ technical and trade literature. The Floor Engineered timber within the varied forms illustrated in Fig. 3.13 has existed for a few sizeable times. However, the demand from the house building business normally for a product of higher quality than sol...

What Are The Different Types Of Roofs? The roof is the uppermost portion of the building which protects the building from rain, wind, and sun. Various types of roofs used may be divided broadly into three types: 1. Flat roofs 2. Pitched roofs 3. Shells and folded plates. Flat roofs are used in plains where rainfall is less and climate is moderate. Pitched roofs are  preferred wherever rainfall is more. Shells and folded plate roofs are used to cover large  column-free areas required for auditoriums, factories, etc. Brief description of these roofs is  presented below: 1. Flat Roofs These roofs are nearly flat. However slight slope (not more than 10°) is given to  drain out the rainwater. All types of upper-story floors can serve as flat roofs. Many times  top of these roofs are treated with waterproofing materials-like mixing waterproofing  chemicals in concrete, providing Coba concrete. With the advent of reliable waterproofing  techni...

The Coupled Roof, Ceilings and Trusses M oving off from early roof forms that provided each wall and roof in one unit, succeeding development showed a real roof designed on masonry or timber walls. the only type of roof was a coupled roof, consisting of 2 lengths of timber bearing against one another at the highest and resting on a plate at their feet. The timbers, known as couples, were pegged along at the highest with timber dowels and were equally pegged or spiked to the plate. The term ‘couple’ was used until the fifteenth century once the terms ‘spar’ or ‘rafter’ began to be used. The term rafter in fact continues to be wont to describe the piece of timber during a roof spanning from the ridge to the place. paced regarding four hundred millimeters apart tied solely by horizontal binders and tile battens. the easy couple was adequate for tiny span dwellings and steep pitches, however the outward poke force at the feet of the rafters caused stability issues with the walls...